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February 2, 2012

Reasons for IRA rollovers from 401k: An American example

The changing economy hasn’t been good to many workers. Jobs have changed or even gone away along with pensions and retirement benefits. Just ask the estimated 13,000 people who will lose their job at American Airlines as it restructures.
The fact of life is America’s corporations are changing as they struggle to compete in a global market. Fewer are offering benefits that were so popular with our parents and grandparents. Instead of companies taking care of employees, employees now have to take care of themselves.
Workers today can expect to:

  • Save for their own retirement instead of having a pension to rely on
  • Pay more for their own health care as companies pick up less of the insurance premium and out-of-pocket expenses
  • Manage their own retirement plan through a 401k instead of relying on a defined benefit plan (pension)
  • Pay for more of their medical costs in retirement as companies pay fewer retiree health benefits

American Airlines recently became the latest company to cut worker benefits. It has told employees that it wants to do away with its pension plan and only offer employees a 401k.

  • For those employees who are in the 401k now and will lose their job, there is a silver lining — they no longer have to participate in the American 401k plan. Any employee leaving a company that has a 401k can roll it over into an Individual Retirement Account (IRA). The benefits being:
  • Lower investment fees — 401ks can be one of the most expensive retirement plans available. The balances can be invested in lower cost investment choices and not be subject to administrative fees.
  • More investment choices — Having an IRA opens a world of possibilities in where to invest money for retirement. The 401k typically has limited choices.
  • Allow a Roth Conversion — Rolling a 401k into an IRA allows for balances to be converted into a Roth IRA. This would allow future growth and retirement withdrawals to be tax free in return for paying the income tax now on the current balance, which should mean a total lower tax than in retirement. And now there is no longer an income limit to be eligible to convert.
  • More flexibility in beneficiaries — An IRA allows more options for who the money will be passed on to at death and opportunities to delay income taxes to the beneficiary.

Contact a CFP for help with IRA rollovers, the rules and managing retirement plans.

Filed under: FYI For Your Finances,Planning News & Ideas — Tags: , — strategicfp @ 7:41 pm

June 25, 2011

Tips for cutting energy bills

Recent bumps in the economic recovery and higher gas prices are putting a dent in plans for summer vacations this year. A recent survey found fewer than 50 percent of business owners plan to take a vacation this year, down from more than 60 percent last summer. Finding extra money to take that much-needed break is possible if you use the right strategies.

GET HOME ENERGY AUDIT

One way is by reducing energy costs. Begin by looking around your home. You will need to make a small investment in improving the energy-efficiency of your home, but in the long run it will pay dividends. Many local utility companies will do an energy audit on your home for little or no cost. Start by calling them. Or visit www.energysavers.gov and click on Your Home for tips on energy assessments.

Common areas that can be improved to reduce gas and electric bills are sealing window leaks, adding insulation and having your air conditioning unit tuned up. If you need a new air conditioner or hot water heater, tax rebates are available this year. These two units use the most energy in a home so updating them with more efficient technology can pay off the most.

HAVE EFFICIENT APPLIANCES

Secondary are your home appliances. Check to make sure refrigerators are not too cold (37 degrees is recommended for refrigerator, 3 degrees for freezer). And only run washing machines and dishwashers with full loads.

LOWER GAS PRICES

Outside the home, keep gas prices down by checking www.GasBuddy.com or www.GasPriceWatch.com for the best prices in town (or downloading the apps on your smartphone). Fill up your tank on Wednesday or Thursday before 10 a.m., recommends Chris Faulkner, CEO of Breitling Oil & Gas. Gas prices rise on Thursdays in anticipation of weekend travel, he says, and 10 a.m. is when most station owners make their price change for the day. Unless it is an emergency, do not buy gas Friday, Saturday or Sunday.

LIGHTEN YOUR LOAD

Whether driving to work or to a vacation, take only what you need. Every 250 extra pounds in a car eats up an extra mile per gallon of gas, Faulkner says.

Making money doesn’t all have to be earned. Adjusting habits is an easier way to get more money for summer fun.

-Dan Serra, CFP, MS

Filed under: FYI For Your Finances — strategicfp @ 12:15 am

May 23, 2011

Help with college aid muddle

Traditional planning for college expenses usually exists of estimating tuition and how much to save each year to pay for four years. But once college gets closer, the numbers all change and the options all have different prices, meaning exploring financial aid usually comes into the picture. And that’s where college gets complicated.

“Often financial aid is presented in less than a clear way,” said Carol Stack, co-author of “The Financial Aid Handbook.” “It’s not that complicated.”

VIDEO: Authors Explain How Colleges Determine Awards. 2:43

Stack and co-author Ruth Vedvik, both former college admissions directors, try to simplify the process. They believe an informed student and parent can make college more affordable.

For example, the published tuition by each college doesn’t mean that’s the price the student may pay. Many offer “discounts” to attract students.

“Most scholarships are awarded by institutions so we are showing students how by developing a tool on how to find out what schools will give them the most money,” said Vedvik.

Colleges look for the value a student would bring the school so the more value the student brings, both academically and personally, the more of a discount the college could extend. That discount could be as much as 50 percent off tuition, Vedvik said.

To help match students with a school, Vedvik and Stack created the Merit Aid Profile, or MAP. The worksheet lays out a method for students to find colleges that may be more likely to award aid.

One part of the MAP that could help students reduce the cost for college is to find a match where the student could be in the top 25 percent academically of incoming students, they write. Students can determine how they rank by researching the SAT and ACT scores of accepted students. The book offers a sampling of smaller colleges and aid programs that even if they are private colleges could compare to the cost of public universities yet provide a more personal experience. (Play the bagpipes? College of Wooster may have an $8,000 scholarship waiting for you.)

The book provides timelines, tips and worksheets on putting together a search, filing applications and shopping according to cost to prevent getting in too much debt.

Once a plan is in place, the book guides students and parents through the Free Application for Federal Student Aid form, which must be filed to determine how much aid the student could receive.

“We’re really suggesting a paradigm shift in the college search,” said Vedvik. “You can control that by doing a college search that is cost-aware. It’s so important for many students graduating that they are not burdened with debt and so really take control from the beginning, matching resources with talents and what institutions are willing to pay you for it.”

-Dan Serra, CFP, MS

Filed under: FYI For Your Finances — strategicfp @ 7:18 pm

May 20, 2011

Preparing a parent for a nursing home

The prospect of putting a parent in a nursing home is stressful enough without worrying about how to pay for it. But preparing well in advance can make the decision easier.

The first step in creating a care plan is to divide the tasks among family members. Each child should be given an assignment, such as:

—Interview nursing home staff for details on cost and services;

—Work with a financial planner to create a strategy for managing expenses and assets;

—Meet with an attorney to structure legal documents.

When shopping for nursing homes, each one should be carefully evaluated on costs and services. Each home has its own pricing plan and what is included, or not included, in that price. All nursing homes are not a “one price for all” service. Each home should provide pricing and services in writing. In addition, obtain a copy of the contract and have an elder law attorney review it first. Never sign a blank contract.

A financial planner can help a family anticipate financial needs and resources. Unfortunately, no one knows the number of years a parent will live, which makes planning difficult. But once the nursing home is chosen and the doctor has estimated medical or drug needs, the planner can use these costs to be more precise.

The planner should create an annual budget for the parent and detail how assets would be most efficiently withdrawn to meet expenses. A net worth statement should list any annuities, pensions, trusts or benefits the parent is entitled to receive. The planner should also be knowledgeable of Social Security benefits and Medicaid planning in case the parent runs out of money. A fee-only planner is a good choice to receive unbiased advice and avoid potential solicitation of product sales. All the children should attend the plan meeting so that all agree on the strategy.

The attorney has an important role in making sure legal documents give a child or children authority to act on the parent’s behalf. This is important to make medical decisions and prove to the bank or investment company that the child can make transactions for the parent, usually by power of attorney. If the parent is wealthy, the attorney could also offer strategies for avoiding estate taxes now and in the future.

Putting a parent in a home is not an overnight event. Getting organized — and getting all the siblings on the same page first —eases the process and prevents disputes.

-Dan Serra, CFP, MS. Plano, Texas

Filed under: FYI For Your Finances — strategicfp @ 10:46 pm

April 26, 2011

Retirement health costs stabilize – for now

Perhaps one of the most difficult financial situations to plan for is medical expenses in retirement. It’s an expense we can’t predict, because we don’t know what health conditions we will have in retirement. But for those trying to plan, there is good news.

The latest estimate for the cost of health care in retirement is less than it was a year ago. According to Fidelity Investments, a 65-year-old couple retiring this year will need $230,000 to pay for medical expenses throughout retirement, not including nursing home care. That’s an 8 percent decline from last year’s $250,000 estimate.

The decline is attributed to Medicare changes under recent health care reform. The change reduced expenses for prescription drugs.

“While the savings generated through the health care reform laws is a welcome relief to many seniors, it should be considered a one-time adjustment, at least for the time being,” Brad Kimler, executive vice president of Fidelity’s Benefits Consulting business, said in a news release. “Today’s workers still face the prospect of significant medical expenses in retirement and must begin to include those costs in their retirement plan strategies.”

Kimler added that we should expect health care expenses to continue to rise as medical services continue to see price increases.

In the meantime, seniors now can enjoy those drug savings. Beginning this year, the law offers a 50 percent discount on brand name drugs that fall into the “donut hole” — the gap in Medicare between $2,840 and $4,550. This gap will further be reduced until eliminated in 2020.

The concept of the government helping to reduce medical costs isn’t extending to nursing-home expenses, however. This is a big misconception among Americans, who often mix long-term care with medical care. They are not the same. Still, 45 percent of those between 40 and 64 expect the government to pay their long-term care costs, according to a recent Thrivent Financial survey of 2,000 adult Americans (including 745 pre-retirees).

“Many who expect that government will foot the bill for their future long-term care may be unpleasantly surprised,” Mona Diebold, manager of long-term care solutions at Thrivent Financial for Lutherans, said in a news release. “While federal and state governments share responsibility for running Medicaid and Medicare programs that may pay for long-term care, restrictions limit who may qualify and when. Often, for example, individuals with personal financial resources first must substantially ‘spend down’ those resources before government programs will aid them.”

An estimated 70 percent of individuals over age 65 will require long-term care services at some point in their lives, according to the National Clearinghouse for Long-Term Care Information.

-Dan Serra, CFP, MS

Filed under: Planning News & Ideas — strategicfp @ 8:33 pm
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